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Assignment 4

  To understand the "Coffee Economy" of 2026, we have to look past the simple price tag. For a student today, a four-year caffeine habit is no longer a minor indulgence; it is a significant financial commitment that rivals other major university costs. ​As of March 2026 , here is the detailed breakdown of how the coffee market has shifted and its impact on the average student budget. ​1. The 4-Year Cost Projection (2022–2026) ​A student who began their degree in late 2022 and is graduating this year has witnessed some of the most aggressive price hikes in the history of the beverage. Academic Year Avg. Daily Cup (Lattes/Cold Brew) Weekly Spend Cumulative Year Total Freshman (2022-23) $4.50 $31.50 $1,642 Sophomore (2023-24) $5.15 $36.05 $1,874 Junior (2024-25) $5.65 $39.55 $2,056 Senior (2025-26) $5.95 $41.65 $2,165 4-YEAR TOTAL — — $7,737 Context: This total exceeds the average cost of t...

News papers name

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  NAME THE NEWSPAPERS IN MALAYALAM  1-MALAYALA MANORAMA Malayala Manorama has no recent news specifically about the InShot app. Manorama News mainly publishes regular Kerala/India news bulletins  2- DESHABHIMANI It is a leading Malayalam daily newspaper published in Kerala. Official newspaper of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in Kerala. Started in 1942 as a weekly; became a daily in 1946. Known for left-aligned political views, Kerala news, national news, and opinion articles. Has both print and online editions. 3- MATHRUBHUMI One of Kerala’s largest and oldest Malayalam newspapers. Founded in 1923 during India’s freedom movement. Known for centrist editorial style and balanced reporting. Publishes print, digital news, and many popular magazines. Headquarters in Kozhikode, with editions across Kerala and major Indian cities. 4- CHANDRIKA   A Malayalam daily  newspaper published from Kerala. Official mouthpiece of the Indian Union Muslim League (IUML). Fo...

Assingment 2

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 About the Seminar The core values of democracy, secularism, and equality are the foundation of the Indian Republic. These values are deeply reflected in Indian culture and literature. Literature and cultural practices express these ideas through stories, traditions, voices, and customs, helping to shape and strengthen the idea of an equal and fair India. However, in recent times, these republican values have been weakening. Changes in Indian politics and the functioning of institutions such as the legislature, judiciary, executive, and media have affected the spirit of equality. Corruption and misleading narratives within the democratic system have reduced the strength of republican ideals in India. This seminar studies the current situation of Indian politics and its impact on different social and cultural groups. It examines the growing inequalities present in a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic like India. The seminar also looks at how certain ideas and narrati...

Features of writing media

  Writing for print media—newspapers, magazines, and newsletters—is a unique craft. Unlike the web, where readers scan and click, print readers tend to be more focused. However, because space is physically limited by the page, the writing must be incredibly disciplined. ​Here are the defining features of print media writing: ​1. The Inverted Pyramid Structure ​Most print news follows the Inverted Pyramid . This means the most "weighty" information (the Who, What, Where, When, and Why) is placed at the very beginning, with supporting details following in descending order of importance. ​ The Lead (Lede): The first paragraph must hook the reader and summarize the main point. ​ The Nut Graph: A paragraph that explains the context—why this story matters right now. ​2. Conciseness and "Space-Consciousness" ​In print, "space is money." Every column inch costs a specific amount in ink and paper. ​ Economy of Language: Writers must avoid "fluff....

Comments of journalism

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Basic terms in photography

 1)  Aperture The aperture is the adjustable opening in the lens that controls the amount (volume) of light hitting the camera sensor. . Measurement: Measured in f-stops (e.g., f28,f/11). . Effect: A lower f-number (f/2.8) means a wider opening, letting in more light and creating a shallow depth of field (blurry background). A higher f-number (/16) means a narrower opening, letting in less light and creating a deep depth of field (sharp background). 2) Shutter Speed Shutter speed is the duration of time the camera's sensor iS exposed to light. S . easurement: Measured in seconds or fractions of a second (e.g., 1/200s, 2s). . Effect: ‣ Exposure: Controls the length of time light hits the sensor. Longer speeds allow more light. 2 + • Motion: A fast speed (1/1000s) freezes motion, and a slow speed (e.g., 1/2s) blurs motion, creating streaks or silky water effects. 3) ISO ISO is the sensitivity of your camera's sensor to light. S . Measurement: Measured numerically (e.g, 100, 400,...

Nature photo

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